Anti-diabetic activity of chemically profiled green tea and black tea extracts in a type 2 diabetes mice model via different mechanisms

Abstract

Tea is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. The variety of tea and tea extracts in the market has different polyphenol profiles, which are the bioactive chemical entities. In searching for efficacious molecules from tea against hyperglycaemia, we performed a direct comparison between green tea extracts (GTE) and black tea extracts (BTE), which have been chemically well-characterized by HPLC, in a type 2 diabetic mouse model combining low dose streptozotocin (STZ) with high fat (HF) diet. The results revealed that both GTE and BTE in drinking water substantially lowered blood glucose levels and ameliorated glucose intolerance, but GTE was more effective in anti-hyperglycaemic activity and in lowering body weight gain. GTE was also more effective than BTE in reversing histological deterioration of liver in the diabetic mice. Serum insulin levels significantly increased in BTE group but not in GTE group, suggesting that they might exert their hypoglycaemic effects through different pathways. We explored the possible mechanisms by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), and results showed that the predominant mechanism for the anti-diabetic effect of GTE was through insulin resistance, while for BTE it was through insulin secretion.