Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic activity of aqueous extract of Acacia tortilis polysaccharide (AEATP) from gum exudates and its role in comorbidities associated with diabetes in STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Male albino Wistar rats were divided into control, diabetic control, glimepiride treated (10 mg/kg), and diabetic rats treated with 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg dose of AEATP groups and fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, HDL, SGOT, and SGPT levels were measured. STZ significantly increased fasting blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, SGOT, and SGPT levels, whereas HDL level was reduced as compared to control group. After 7 days of administration, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dose of AEATP showed significant reduction (P < 0.05) in fasting blood glucose level compared to diabetic control. AEATP has also reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, SGOT, and SGPT levels and improved HDL level as compared to diabetic control group. Our study is the first to report the normalization of fasting blood glucose level, lipid profile, and liver enzyme in AEATP treated diabetic rats. Thus, it can be concluded that AEATP may have potentials for the treatment of T2DM and its comorbidities.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia and is associated with a group of metabolic disorders, that is, abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism which further result in chronic complications including microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic disorder [1]
A new animal model of type 2 diabetes has been introduced in which a combination of Streptozotocin ANOVA (STZ) and nicotinamide administration is able to induce DM in adult rats
Significant increase in fasting blood glucose level was observed in STZ induced diabetic rats compared to control group [29, 30]
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia and is associated with a group of metabolic disorders, that is, abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism which further result in chronic complications including microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic disorder [1]. In India, this tree was introduced in 1958 from Israel [4]. Various extracts of this plant have the following actions like smooth muscle relaxing activity [5], effective in treatment of α2-adrenoceptor related diseases [6], antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans [7], in-vitro antiplasmodial and antileishmanial activity [8], antiviral effect against human immunodeficiency virus-1 [9], antiasthmatic [10], and hypotensive and diuretic property [11]
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