Antidepressant Activity of Different Fractions of Cassine albens in an Olfactory Bulbectomized Mouse Model

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Tribal peoples in north Maharashtra used Cassine albens for a range of illnesses, including some psychosomatic conditions. For treatment, these indigenous people employed a very raw form of this plant. The goal of this study is to test the traditional claims of antidepressant effect in an olfactory bulbectomized mice using a chloroform and ethyl acetate fraction of Methanolic extract of C. albens. Materials and Methods: For 28 days, olfactory bulbectomized mice were administered Ethyl acetate and Chloroform fractions of Methanolic extract of leaf of Cassine albens (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg). The forced swim test, open field test, and splash test were used to assess antidepressant efficacy. Throughout the study, imipramine (10 mg/kg) was used as a reference standard. Results: After a 28-day treatment, chloroform and ethyl acetate diminish hyperexcitation in an open field apparatus by reducing the number of lines crossing. When compared to the control group, the Chloroform fraction 400 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg demonstrated a significant (p< 0.0001 and p< 0.05) decrease in hyperactivity. In the FST, Chloroform fractions 200 mg/kg (p< 0.01) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.01) significantly reduced immobility time when compared to the control group, and in the Splash test, Chloroform fraction 400 mg/kg significantly increased grooming time (p<0.001) when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Cassine albens chloroform fractions (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) have considerable antidepressant effect. Keywords: Olfactory bulbectomy, Splash test, Immobility period, Open Field, Forced swim test, number of line crossing