Anticorps anti-MOG : actualités et comparaison de techniques

Abstract

AbstractMyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a neurological inflammatory disorder in which the diagnosis relies on MOG antibodies presence in patients with a compatible phenotype. Previous studies comparing live cell-based assay (LCBA) and fixed cell-based assay (FCBA) reported a lowerspecificity in FCBA and similar sensitivity. Aim of the study was to compare FCBA and LCBA and to characterize patients tested negative on LCBA but positive on FCBA in a French cohort. Overall, 233/759 samples were tested positive for MOG antibodies : 65% (151/233) were positive with both techniques, 5% (11/233) were positive only on LCBA, 30 (71/233) were positive only on FCBA. Clinical information was available for 40/71 patients. Of these 40 patients final diagnosis was MOGAD in 17/40 (42,5%). Our data show a good agreement between the two techniques and the use of FCBA helped the diagnosis of MOGAD in some patients. However, this technique lacks of specificity and a good screening strategy would be to use FCBA as a screening test, and to confirm, on LCBA, positive results as well as negative results when the clinical context is highly evocative of MOGAD.