Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shows high incidence of thromboembolic events in humans. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate if anticoagulation prior to COVID-19 infection may impact clinical profile, as well as mortality rate among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The study was based on retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. After propensity score matching (PSM), a group of 236 patients receiving any anticoagulant treatment prior to COVID-19 infection (AT group) was compared to 236 patients without previous anticoagulation (no AT group). In 180 days, the observation we noted comparable mortality rate in AT and no AT groups (38.5% vs. 41.1%, p = 0.51). Similarly, we did not observe any statistically significant differences in admission in the intensive care unit (14.1% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.20), intubation and mechanical ventilation (15.0% vs. 11.6%, p = 0.38), catecholamines usage (14.3% vs. 13.8%, p = 0.86), and bleeding rate (6.3% vs. 8.9%, p = 0.37) in both groups. Our results suggest that antithrombotic treatment prior to COVID-19 infection is unlikely to be protective for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Highlights
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID -19), caused by “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2” (SARS-CoV-2), as a pandemic [1]
The entire study group consisted of 2070 COVID-19 patients
Our study demonstrated that anticoagulation used prior to COVID-19 has no impact
Summary
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID -19), caused by “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus, first identified in the city of Wuhan located in Hubei, China [3,4]. While most of the SARS-CoV-2 infections have a mild to moderate course, about 21% of all cases have severe and critical presentation [4]. The infection fatality rates vary from 0.3 to 5%, and the leading causes of death are respiratory failure, sepsis/multi-organ failure, cardiac failure, hemorrhage, and renal failure [5–7]. COVID-19 is associated with hypercoagulability and thromboembolic complications that can be fatal even in asymptomatic and mild infection [8,9]. The risk of mortality associated with thromboembolism is the highest in the patients treated in the ICU [10]
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