Abstract
The most common side effects of cancer treatment by chemotherapy are nausea and vomiting. This chapter examines the prevalence, etiology, and treatment of anticipatory nausea and vomiting (ANV). In addition to becoming nauseous and/or vomiting following chemotherapy treatment, cancer patients can begin to experience these aversive side effects prior to a treatment session. This is referred to as ANV. The chapter provides a detailed examination of how available data support a model of ANV development based on learning principles. The learning phenomenon of a stimulus generalization, where a response may be elicited by a stimulus similar to the original conditioned stimulus, fits the available clinical data. A number of characteristics have been examined for their possible role in how anticipatory side effects develop. They fit loosely in categories of demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics. Theories of how anticipatory nausea/vomiting develop take either a physiologic or psychologic view.
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