Anticipated Detection of Imminent Surgeon–Patient Barrier Breaches. A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Using an Indicator Underglove System

Abstract

The double gloving indicator underglove system (IUS) is based on a colored detection of the outer glove perforation. Our objective was to determine the IUS efficiency to detect outer glove perforations and to reduce the risks of blood and body fluids exposure, warning the surgeon before the breach of the surgeon-patient barrier (SPB). A series of 100 visceral surgical procedures were randomly assigned to either double (IUS) or single gloving. The noticed glove perforations (using the water test method) and the IUS efficiency were analyzed in 99 procedures. In 49 single-gloving procedures, 19 perforations were noticed: one was immediately perceived (perceived accidental exposure, PAE); 3 were discovered as the gloves were being removed, and 15 were undetected before the water test (unperceived prolonged contact, UPC). In 50 double-gloving procedures (IUS), 16 perforations were noticed, all of them involving only the outer glove: the IUS allowed immediate detection of 3 perforations without any blood exposure; 13 other perforations went undetected but without any UPC. In conjunction with the protective quality of double gloving, the IUS allows detection of significant breaches of the outer glove before the breach of the SPB.