Abstract
AbstractCandidagenus includes many hazardous and risky species that can develop resistance toward various antifungal types. Metals nanoparticles (NPs) possess powerful antimicrobial actions, but their potential human toxicity could limit their practices. The algal polysaccharide fucoidan (Fu) was extracted from the macro-brown algae,Cystoseira barbata, analyzed, and used for biosynthesizing nanoparticles of silver (Ag-NPs) and selenium (Se-NPs). The extracted Fu had elevated fucose levels (58.73% of total monosaccharides) and exhibited the main biochemical characteristic of customary Fu. The Fu biosynthesis of Ag-NPs and Se-NPs was achieved via facile direct protocol; Fu-synthesized NPs had 12.86 and 16.18 nm average diameters, respectively. The ultrastructure of Fu-synthesized NPs emphasized well-distributed and spherical particles that were embedded/capped in Fu as combined clusters. The Fu/Ag-NPs and Fu/Se-NPs anticandidal assessments, againstCandida albicans,Candida glabrata, andCandida parapsilosis, revealed that both NPs had powerful fungicidal actions against the examined pathogens. The ultrastructure imaging of subjectedC. albicansandC. parapsilosisto NPs revealed that Fu/Ag-NPs and Fu/Se-NPs triggered remarkable distortions, pore formation, and destructive lysis in cell surfaces within 10 h of exposure. The innovative usage ofC. barbataFu for Ag-NP and Se-NP synthesis and the application of their composites as powerful anticandidal agents, with minimized human toxicity, are concluded.
Highlights
IntroductionAlgal polysaccharides (including fucoidan [Fu], laminarin, and alginate from brown algae; agarose, carrageenans, and porphyran from red algae; and ulvan from green algae) significantly represent a precious group of bioactive compounds due to their bioactive physiochemical properties, which encourage their biomedical/therapeutic applications (e.g., antiviral, immunostimulants, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents) [1,2].Fu had attracted great attention as a valuable polysaccharide with treasurable bioactivities, which is mainly extracted from brown algae species [3]; it is from the main bases of seaweeds’ pharmacological effects
Algal polysaccharides significantly represent a precious group of bioactive compounds due to their bioactive physiochemical properties, which encourage their biomedical/therapeutic applications [1,2].Fu had attracted great attention as a valuable polysaccharide with treasurable bioactivities, which is mainly extracted from brown algae species [3]; it is from the main bases of seaweeds’ pharmacological effects
Since no cytotoxicity assays were conducted in the present study, further biotoxicity examinations are recommended to confirm the expected biosafety of Fu-synthesized NPs
Summary
Algal polysaccharides (including fucoidan [Fu], laminarin, and alginate from brown algae; agarose, carrageenans, and porphyran from red algae; and ulvan from green algae) significantly represent a precious group of bioactive compounds due to their bioactive physiochemical properties, which encourage their biomedical/therapeutic applications (e.g., antiviral, immunostimulants, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents) [1,2].Fu had attracted great attention as a valuable polysaccharide with treasurable bioactivities, which is mainly extracted from brown algae species [3]; it is from the main bases of seaweeds’ pharmacological effects. Algal polysaccharides (including fucoidan [Fu], laminarin, and alginate from brown algae; agarose, carrageenans, and porphyran from red algae; and ulvan from green algae) significantly represent a precious group of bioactive compounds due to their bioactive physiochemical properties, which encourage their biomedical/therapeutic applications (e.g., antiviral, immunostimulants, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents) [1,2]. The Fu possessed elevated biosafety, biocompatibility, and numerous bioactivities (including its antioxidant, anticancer, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antiallergic, hypotensive effects, and antimicrobial potentialities) [4,5,6,7,8]. Nanotechnology involved the methods for assembling or modifying the molecules and atoms to become in “nano” scales (with particles’ diameter of 1–100 nm of atoms and up to 1,000 nm for molecules) and the applications of these nanoparticles (NPs) that attained extraordinary and superior physiochemical/biochemical properties [10]. The NPs’ promising efficiency arises from their huge surface area, minute sizes, elevated strength, stability, conduction, and unique biochemical properties [11]
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