Abstract
This study aimed to determine the health-promoting properties of sweet pepper by comparing the activity of fractions with variable lipophilicity. Fractions from red pericarp: aqueous (F1), 40% MeOH (F2), and 70% MeOH (F3) were analyzed for antiradical activity (with DPPH• and ABTS+•), and the contents of total phenolic compounds (TP), flavonoids (TF), and dihydroxycinnamic acids (TDHCA). The anticancer potential of the fractions was evaluated in vitro using different cancer cell lines: human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) and PC-3 (prostate cancer cell). Fibroblast-like cells of L929 obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue of mouse were used as normal cells. The highest content of TP, TF, and TDHCA along with the strongest antiradical activity was observed for fraction F2, while the strongest anticancer properties against PC-3 were observed in fraction F3. Fraction F3 primarily contained capsianoside derivatives, which had been isolated through chromatographic methods and identified by spectral methods. These analyses helped in identifying 8 compounds, including 3 new compounds.
Highlights
Owing to the rapid increase in lifestyle-related diseases, public health has become a key element in the existence of societies and quality of life in general
40% (F2), and 70% (F3) fractions obtained from the sweet pepper fruit, manifested as total phenolics (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and total dihydroxycinnamic acids (TDHCA)
The effectiveness of phenolic compounds as antioxidants extracted from plant materials differs, but this does not always depend on their quantity, and can be related to the chemical structures of their components
Summary
Owing to the rapid increase in lifestyle-related diseases, public health has become a key element in the existence of societies and quality of life in general. Health-oriented food is being recognized as an important factor that can prevent these diseases, especially foods of natural origin [1,2]. Natural food can be a rich source of compounds with health-promoting properties, which are characterized by a milder, yet more complex effect on the body as compared to their synthetic counterparts [3]. The reconstitution of these compounds through chemical synthesis is impossible owing to their complex structure. Plants remain the source of many active substances, and research focused on their activity is growing in the last decade [2]. Capsaicinoids present in peppers (Capsicum) [4], rosemary ethanol extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) [5], and Berberis cretica extracts [6] or substances contained in ginger [7] are some examples that have been studied so far
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