Abstract
In this study, we explored the role and mechanisms of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide on cell apoptosis in thyroid cancer (TC) cells. The apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells in vitro and tumor tissues in vivo induced by Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide was determined by MTT assay and flow cytometric assay. The downstream molecules including phosphop-protein kinase B (p-Akt), Akt, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) in tumor tissue were evaluated by western blotting. MTT and flow cytometry assay in vitro revealed Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide-induced apoptosis of thyroid cancer cell line in a manner of time-dependent and dose-dependent. In vivo assay showed 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide significantly suppressed the proliferation of thyroid cancer in mice. Western blotting showed downregulation of p-Akt, Akt, and Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax. These results suggest that Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide may enhance thyroid cancer cell apoptosis by suppressing the activation of p-Akt, Akt, and Bcl-2 and activating Bax, which provide a novel use of CPP as a thyroid cancer treatment.
Highlights
Plant polysaccharides are natural polymeric macromolecules generally composed of more than ten monosaccharide units joined by glycosidic bonds, playing an important role in life-support activities
The growth inhibitory rate of CPP with different levels on seven human thyroid carcinoma cell lines was evaluated to characterize the antithyroid cancer effect of CPP and screen for the cell line with the most effective inhibition induced by CPP
The infiltration of inflammatory cells usually could be found in thyroid cancer, including lymphocytes, macrophages, and mast cells
Summary
Plant polysaccharides are natural polymeric macromolecules generally composed of more than ten monosaccharide units joined by glycosidic bonds, playing an important role in life-support activities. Biological activities of polysaccharides have been broadly investigated since the 1940s. Plant polysaccharides have biological effects such as immunoregulation, anticancer, antiaging, serum glucose-depressing, and lipid-depressing [1,2,3,4,5]. There are some limitations of present therapy against thyroid cancer. Researches show that most of the plant polysaccharides perform anticancer effect through strengthening immune function against cancer cells by regulating the levels of cytokines secreted by the host cells [10]. The effects of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide on thyroid carcinoma are still largely unknown
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