Anticancer Activity of Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Roscoe Essential Oils Against Myeloma Cells

Abstract

Cancer is an abnormal and uncontrolled of cell growth. Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Roscoe is a plant that can be used for treating various diseases such as cancer. This research aims to identify and to study the bioactivity of the rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria essential oils towards myeloma cells. The rhizome was distilled using steam distillation to obtain its essential oils. Toxicity test towards Artemia salina L. was used as a prescreening of anticancer oils. The essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy). While In vitro anticancer test was carried out towards myeloma cells. About 20 kg of the rhizome produced 15.30 mL (13.49 g) of yellowish essential oils. The prescreening test towards Artemia salina L. showed that the oils were toxic with the LC50 of 19.95 ppm. Eight compounds (a-pinene; champhene; 1,8-sineol; camphor; 1-ethenyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl) cyclohexane; furanodiene; germacrone; and velleral) can be identified of the compounds of the oils based on their similarity with the GC-MS database. In vitro test toward myeloma cells showed that oils can inhibit the growth of myeloma cells, but canno tbe said to be anticancer since the LC50 was greater than 1000ppm.