Anticancer activity of Acmella uliginosa against WiDr colon cancer cell line and T47D breast cancer cell line

Abstract

Cancer is chronic disease that contribute to increasing of death in the world, containing of breast cancer and colon cancer. Natural bioactive compounds have been an important source to exploring drug candidate and drug discovery. Acmella uliginosa is herbaceous plant that has many pharmacology activities. The aim of this study was analysis anti-cancer activity of A. uliginosa. The first step, A. uliginosa was extracted with ethanol and n-hexane, then the extract was evaporated using a rotary evaporator and then analysis to determine phytochemistry compound. Then, brine shrimp lethal test (BSLT) for analysis toxicity effect and preliminary screening anti-cancer compound as well. Moreover, anti-cancer cytotoxic was analyzed using MTT method. This study shows that A. uliginosa contains several phytochemical compounds such as steroid, alkaloid and flavonoid. The preliminary testing of anticancer show n-hexane extract more potent than ethanolic extract, the LC50 value of ethanol and n-Hexane extract was 174.8751mg/L and 60.06807mg/L, respectively. Then the cytotoxic effect of n-hexane extract against WiDr colon cancer cell line and T47D breast cancer cell line was 628.48 µg/ml and 1235.84 µg/ml and 1235.84mcg, respectively. Therefore, n-hexane extract was chosen to be a good candidate for further studies as a new anticancer drug in the treatment of colon cancer.