Abstract
The pyridoacridine alkaloids kuanoniamines A and C were isolated together with 24α-methylcholestanol, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid and 3-formylindole from the ethyl acetate extract of the marine sponge Oceanapia sagittaria (Sollas), collected from the Gulf of Thailand. Kuanoniamines A and C were evaluated for their effect on the growth of five human tumour and a non-tumour cell lines, as well as on the proliferation of human lymphocytes. Kuanoniamine A was found to be a potent growth inhibitor of all the tumour and a non-tumour cell lines while kuanoniamine C was less potent but showed high selectivity toward the estrogen dependent (ER+) breast cancer cell line. Kuanoniamine A has shown to be a more potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis than kuanoniamine C. Kuanoniamine A was also found to cause an extensive reduction of the MCF-7 cells in G2/M phase as well as an increase in the apoptotic cells.
Highlights
Species of Oceanapia are common, with more than 50 nominal species recorded for the Indo-west Pacific region alone, relatively abundant in both soft and hard substrates, and widely distributed [1]
Since the growth inhibitory effect of kuanoniamine C was less intense on the estrogen independent (ER-) MDA-MB-231, it is possible that the estrogen receptors could be involved in this antiproliferative effect
As the inhibitory effect of kuanoniamine C on the estrogen independent (ER-) breast cancer cell line was less intense than that on the estrogen dependent (ER+) counterpart, it was suggested that the estrogen receptors could be involved in this antiproliferative effect
Summary
Species of Oceanapia are common, with more than 50 nominal species recorded for the Indo-west Pacific region alone, relatively abundant in both soft and hard substrates, and widely distributed [1]. While an antifungal bis α,π amino alcohol glycoside, oceanapiside, was reported from O. phillipensis, collected from Southern Australia [2], Oceanapia sp., collected from the Northwest coast of Australia, furnished a hybrid α,π-bifunctionalized sphingoid tetrahydroquinoline β-glucoside [3]. Capon et al [4, 5] reported the isolation of nematocidal bisthiocyanates from the ethanol extract of Oceanapia sp., collected from Australia. Matsugana et al have reported isolation of a bioactive acetylenic acid from the lipophillic extract of the Japanese collection of Oceanapia sp. Most of the alkaloids reported from the genus Oceanapia were pyridoacridine alkaloids except for oceanapamine, a sesquiterpene alkaloid from specimens of Oceanapia sp., collected from Palawan island, the Phillipines [7] and the phloeodictynes from O. fistulusa from the Eastern coast of New Caledonia [8]
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