Abstract
Antibody responses and protection against shedding following oral challenge with murine rotavirus (EDIM) were determined in mice after sequential oral–parenteral immunization. Oral immunization of 4-day-old BALB/c mice with live, heterologous rotavirus (RRV) stimulated serum rotavirus IgG but little serum or intestinal rotavirus IgA and small but significant ( P<0.001) reductions in EDIM shedding. Intraperitoneal immunization with inactivated EDIM at 29 days of age had similar effects. Sequential oral–parenteral immunization under these conditions stimulated small but significant ( P<0.001) increases in both rotavirus IgG and IgA titers and reduced shedding ( P<0.001) compared to individual immunizations. However, these responses were essentially additive, indicative of separate inductive/effector sites for mucosal and systemic immunity.
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