Antibody Response of Combination of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac Platforms of COVID-19 Vaccines against Omicron Variant.

Ka-Wa Khong,Kwok-Hung Chan,Hoi-Yan Lam,Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung,Yujing Fan,Danlei Liu,Ruiqi Zhang,Honglin Chen,Linlei Chen,Pui-Chun Chan,Ho-Ming Lam,Kelvin Kai-Wang To,Kwok-Yung Yuen,Lu Lu,Xiaochun Xie,Ka-Yi Leung

doi:10.3390/vaccines10020160

Abstract

By vaccinating SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals who have already received two doses of COVID-19 vaccines, we aimed to investigate whether a heterologous prime-boost strategy, using vaccines of different platforms as the booster dose, can enhance the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 virus variants. Participants were assigned into four groups, each receiving different combination of vaccinations: two doses of BNT162b2 followed by one dose of BNT162b2 booster (B-B-B); Combination of BNT162b2 (first dose) and CoronaVac (second dose) followed by one dose of BNT162b2 booster (B-C-B); two doses of CoronaVac followed by one dose of CoronaVac booster (C-C-C); two doses of CoronaVac followed by one dose of BNT162b2 booster (C-C-B). The neutralizing antibody in sera against the virus was determined with live virus microneutralization assay (vMN). The B-B-B group and C-C-B group demonstrated significantly higher immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 Wild type (WT), Beta variant (BV) and Delta variant (DV). In addition, the B-B-B group and C-C-B group showed reduced but existing protection against Omicron variant (OV). Moreover, A persistent rise in vMN titre against OV was observed 3 days after booster dose. Regarding safety, a heterologous prime-boost vaccine strategy is well tolerated. In this study, it was demonstrated that using vaccines of different platforms as booster dose can enhance protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants, offering potent neutralizing activity against wild-type virus (WT), Beta variant (BV), Delta variant (DV) and some protection against the Omicron variant (OV). In addition, a booster mRNA vaccine results in a more potent immune response than inactivated vaccine regardless of which platform was used for prime doses.

Highlights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an upper respiratory tract infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has disrupted our daily lives since the end of 2019, leading to unprecedented global vaccination plans aiming to end the pandemic
Recruited participants were assigned to 4 groups based on the vaccine platforms of their prime dose and booster dose: participants primed with 2 doses of BNT162b2 and received 1 booster dose of IM BNT162b2 (0.3 mL) (B-B-B); participants primed with BNT162b2 and CoronaVac and received 1 booster dose of IM BNT162b2 (0.3 mL) (B-C-B); participants primed with 2 doses of CoronaVac and received 1 booster dose of IM CoronaVac (0.5 mL) (C-C-C); participants primed with 2 doses of CoronaVac and received 1 booster dose of IM BNT162b2 (0.3 mL) (C-C-B)
Recruited participants were assigned into four groups depending on the combination of vaccines they received: participants primed with two doses of BNT162b2 and one booster dose of BNT162b2

Summary

Introduction

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an upper respiratory tract infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has disrupted our daily lives since the end of 2019, leading to unprecedented global vaccination plans aiming to end the pandemic. Different vaccine platforms were approved for large-scale vaccination, such as inactivated virus vaccines (CoronaVac), viral vector vaccines (ChAdOx1nCoV-19 vaccine), mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 vaccine), subunit vaccines (S-Trimer vaccine), etc. With the emergence of the Omicron Variant (CoronaVac), viral vector vaccines (ChAdOx1nCoV-19 vaccine), mRNA vac2cionfe1s0. With the emergence of the Omicron Variant (OV), vaccine breakthrough is a major concern. It was predicted t(hOaVt )O, vmaicccrionnembraeyakbtehtrwouicgehaissliakmelyajtoor ecsocnacpeernth. St OV is vital in the global endeAavsotrhteoceunrdretnhteapvaanildaebmleicv.accines were developed based on SARS-CoV-2 wild-type virusA(sWthTe),cuarrheenttearovlaoiglaobulse vparcimcinee-bsowosetreadpepvreolaocphe,dubsainsegd doinffeSrAeRntS-cCoomVb-2inwatiilodn-tsypoef CviOruVsI(DW-1T9),vaahcceitneeroclaongdoiudsaptersim, we-absoporsot paopsperdo.aSchu,cuhsainngadpipffreoraecnht cwoamsbdienmatoionnsstroafteCdOtVoIbDee1f9fevcatcicvieneincaanndimidaaltems,owdealssparnodpohsuemd.aSnusc, hanadn adpifpferoreancht cwoamsbdienmatoionnstsraotfevdatcocibneeepffleacttfiovremins aanndimsaelqmueondceelss aonfdthheucmoamnbsi,naantdiodnisffdereemntocnosmtrabtiendatdioinffseroefnvtaecfcfiencetipvleantfeosrsm[7s–a9n]d. Isteiqsutehnecreesfoofrtehheycpomotbhiensaiztieodnsthdaetmuosinnsgtraatceodmdbififnearteinotneofffevctaicvceinneesps l[a7t–f9o]r.mIts,iswthheicrhefporreesheynptoththeessaizmede athnatitguesninogf SaAcRomS-bCionVat-i2onWoTf wvaitchcidnieffpelraetnftorvmecst,owr ahnicdhapdrjeusveanntttsh, emsaaymeenahnatnicgeenproofteScAtiRoSnaCgoaVin-2stWviTruws vitahridainftfserseuncthvaesctOoVr .aTnhdeakdnjuowvalnedtsg,emoafysaefnethyaannced pimromteucntioognenaigcaitiynsatgvaiirnusst SvAarRiaSn-CtsosVu-c2hvaasriOanVt.sTuhseinkgnaowheletedrgoeloogfosuasfeptyrimaned-biomomstuanpopgroenacichitwy iallgaaiidnsptoSlAicRy-Sm-CaokVin-g2 svuacrihanatssduesliinvgerayhoeftevraoclocignoeuss. prime-boost approach will aid policy-making such as delivery of vaccines

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