Abstract
Cathepsin S is a cysteine protease highly expressed in many type of cancers including colorectal, prostate, breast, and glioblastoma’s. It is involved in tumor progression through extracellular matrix remodeling. In recent years, antibody research specifically targeting Cathepsin S to block/inhibit tumorigenic effects were generated some positive preclinical data. This antagonistic antibody was demonstrating efficacy in multiple in vitro/in vivo cancer models both as a monotherapy and in combination with approved agents. This mini-review provides an overview of therapeutic antibody targeting Cathepsin S strategies in the last half decade, focusing on the rationale of cell-surface Cathepsin S targeted and their potential clinical application.
Highlights
In the past 10 - 20 years, molecularly targeted cancer therapies aim to inhibit the activity of an up-regulated oncoprotein in an attempt to revert the evolved proliferative/survival advantage it provides the tumor
Cathepsin S is a cysteine protease highly expressed in many type of cancers including colorectal, prostate, breast, and glioblastoma’s
In various types of malignancies, Cathepsin S has been reported in associate with tumor progression and metastasis
Summary
In the past 10 - 20 years, molecularly targeted cancer therapies aim to inhibit the activity of an up-regulated oncoprotein in an attempt to revert the evolved proliferative/survival advantage it provides the tumor. Cathepsin S is a proteolytic enzyme and represents potential therapeutic targets in human cancers. It predominantly functions as endopeptidases within endolysosomal vesicles of healthy cells, and involved in many physiological processes such as differentiation, protein turnover, degradation and apoptosis. The most specific targeted therapies currently in use are monoclonal antibodies. In recent years, scientists started to investigate the potential to target Cathepsin S using an antagonistic monoclonal antibody block/inhibit these tumorigenic effects such as tumor invasion and angiogenesis. We outline the roles of a specific antagonistic antibody targeting Cathepsin S in the tumor microenvironment, and we further focus on its therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer as a monotherapy and in combination with approved agents
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