Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen that can cause a wide spectrum of diseases, including sepsis, pneumonia, arthritis, and endocarditis. Ineffective treatment of a number of staphylococcal infections with antibiotics is due to the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains following decades of antibiotic usage. This has generated renewed interest within the scientific community in alternative therapeutic agents, such as anti-S. aureus antibodies. Although the role of antibodies in the management of S. aureus diseases is controversial, the success of this pathogen in neutralizing humoral immunity clearly indicates that antibodies offer the host extensive protection. In this review, we report an update on efforts to develop antibody-based agents, particularly monoclonal antibodies, and their therapeutic potential in the passive immunization approach to the treatment and prevention of S. aureus infections.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common opportunistic human pathogens and the causative agent of diseases ranging from mild infections to severe diseases such as bacteremia, sepsis, pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis [1]
In this review we have described the variety of virulence factors expressed by S. aureus and highlighted the importance of these factors as antigens for the development of therapeutic polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against S. aureus infections
We report the outcome of treatment of infective diseases in humans and animals with antibody-based strategies
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common opportunistic human pathogens and the causative agent of diseases ranging from mild infections to severe diseases such as bacteremia, sepsis, pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis [1]. Strains resistant to “old” (penicillin and methicillin) and new generation antibiotics (daptomycin and linezolid) were isolated soon after their introduction in the market This serious drawback and the consideration that antibiotic therapy is not always effective have rekindled interest in the pathophysiology of S. aureus and generated new efforts to develop antibody-based agents. Along this line, a large group of S. aureus virulence factors has been identified and characterized in recent years. A large group of S. aureus virulence factors has been identified and characterized in recent years These factors are mostly surface-associated or secreted proteinaceous products. We examine the therapeutic potential of these staphylococcal virulence factors as determinants for antibody generation and discuss antibody-mediated protection in the passive immunization approach to S. aureus infections
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