Antibiotics Susceptibilities and Plasmid Profiles of Salmonella typhi from Patients Attending Yobe State Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria

Abstract

Salmonella infection remains a major public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to determine the antibiotics susceptibilities and plasmid profiles of Salmonella typhi from patients attending Yobe State Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria. Two hundred and thirty three (233) samples (100 blood and 133 stool) were collected aseptically from patients diagnosed with enteric fever. The samples were processed using standard microbiological methods for identification of Salmonella typhi. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion techniques using ten antibiotics and the phenotypic expression of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) were determined using double disc diffusion test, and were further screened for plasmid DNA by standard method. Out of two hundred and thirty three (233) samples, thirty five isolates tested positive for S. typhi comprising of 20 (57%) from blood and 15 (43%) from stool. The stool Isolates were highly (100%) resistant to tarivid and less (13.3%) resistance to pefloxacin while blood isolates showed highest (60%) resistant against chlorophenicol and least (20%) resistance to cefriaxone fourteen (14) Salmonella typhi showed ESBLs production; the Stool samples has the highest (n=8, 57.1%) ESBLs producers while least (n=6, 42.8%) were from the blood samples. plasmid size and number determine by bands were separated using agarose gel electrophoresis. This study reveals that both the resistant antibiogram and plasmid profile are still viable epidemiological tools for tracing the sources of Salmomella isolates.