Antibiotics in Early Life: Dysbiosis and Damage Done

Abstract

Antibiotic are the most common type of medication prescribed to children, including infants, in western world. Antibiotics alter the gut microbial composition. Since the gut microbiota plays crucial role in immunity, metabolism and endocrinology the effects of antibiotics on the microbiota may lead to further health complications. Antibiotic in childhood have been linked with disease including asthma, juvenile, arthritis, type 1diabets, chronic disease and mental illness. In COVID-19 probiotics plays a therapeutic role for GI, IBD, colitis, and even in viral infection. So, we assume that the inclusion of studies to investigate gut microbiome and subsequent therapies such as probiotic might help decrease the inflammatory response of viral pathogenesis and respiratory symptoms by strengthening the host immune system, amelioration of gut microbiome, and improvement of gut barrier function. Focused on four types of dysbiosis loss of keystone taxa, loss of diversity. Establishment of large and diverse baseline healthy infant microbiome development is essential to advancing diagnosis interpretation and eventual treatment pediatric dysbiosis. In this review we present an overview of effects of antibiotics on microbiome in children and correlate them to long lasting complications. Objectives: • To review on antibiotics are alter the gut microbial composition in children, adult. • To review on gut microbiota plays crucial roles in immunity, metabolism and endocrinology, the effects of antibiotics on microbiota may lead to further health..