Abstract
As the search for new antibiotics continues, the resistance to known antimicrobial compounds continues to increase. Many researchers around the world, in response to antibiotics resistance, have continued to search for new antimicrobial compounds in different ecological niches such as the marine environment. Marine habitats are one of the known and promising sources for bioactive compounds with antimicrobial potentials against currently drug-resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms. For more than a decade, numerous antimicrobial compounds have been discovered from marine environments, with many more antimicrobials still being discovered every year. So far, only very few compounds are in preclinical and clinical trials. Research in marine natural products has resulted in the isolation and identification of numerous diverse and novel chemical compounds with potency against even drug-resistant pathogens. Some of these compounds, which mainly came from marine bacteria and fungi, have been classified into alkaloids, lactones, phenols, quinones, tannins, terpenes, glycosides, halogenated, polyketides, xanthones, macrocycles, peptides, and fatty acids. All these are geared towards discovering and isolating unique compounds with therapeutic potential, especially against multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. In this review, we tried to summarize published articles from 2015 to 2019 on antimicrobial compounds isolated from marine sources, including some of their chemical structures and tests performed against drug-resistant pathogens.
Highlights
Antibiotics are a subcategory of that large group of chemical substances produced by microorganisms or made synthetically which include compounds that can inhibit the growth and even kill bacteria and other microorganisms in low concentration
Thewhy authors voiced concern over thethe lack of and different approaches andactive strategies employed in search of novel antimicrobials have been widely advances in new antibiotics against drug-resistant pathogens
Research in marine natural products has resulted in the isolation and identification of numerous diverse, as well as novel, chemical compounds with potent pharmaceutical importance
Summary
Antibiotics are a subcategory of that large group of chemical substances produced by microorganisms or made synthetically which include compounds that can inhibit the growth and even kill bacteria and other microorganisms in low concentration. The resistance of microorganisms to available antimicrobials is on the increase, as is the toxic nature of some of currently available drugs, which limits their use This is a serious threat to effective disease prevention and treatment of an ever-increasing range of infections caused by microorganisms including bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi [3,4]. Thewhy authors voiced concern over thethe lack of and different approaches andactive strategies employed in search of novel antimicrobials have been widely advances in new antibiotics against drug-resistant. The rest is and ocean four kilometres deep on with average), the marine habitats, which have The association of these thevarious marinelocations, habitats and a unique and rich sourceorganisms of active different temperature and factors salinity,makes found in is believed to contain compounds for drug production [10].
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