Abstract
A correlation between the use of antibiotics in early life and the excessive weight gain in later childhood has been shown in several large cohort studies all over the world. One hypothesis explaining this association is the pervasive impact that antibiotics may have on the intestinal microbiota, and this has been supported by recent mouse studies. Studies have shown dramatic changes in the intestinal microbiota of adults in response to oral antibiotic treatments. However, little is known about the impact of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota of children, although antibiotics account for the majority of the medication prescribed to children in Western countries.
Highlights
In production animals antibiotic use increases weight gain at least partly by suppressing subclinical infections
Little is known about the impact of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota of children, antibiotics account for the majority of the medication prescribed to children in Western countries
We studied a well-controlled cohort of 142 day care-attending children aged 2-7 years, collected data on their antibiotic use and health parameters, and coupled these too deep and global analysis of the intestinal microbiota and their functions
Summary
In production animals antibiotic use increases weight gain at least partly by suppressing subclinical infections. A correlation between the use of antibiotics in early life and the excessive weight gain in later childhood has been shown in several large cohort studies all over the world. One hypothesis explaining this association is the pervasive impact that antibiotics may have on the intestinal microbiota, and this has been supported by recent mouse studies.
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