Abstract
The oral pathologies in paediatric patients frequently require the recommendation of adjuvant medication. A lack of knowledge regarding well-defined prescription protocols has been observed in every day practice. The aim of this study was to revise and update the prescription of antibiotics according to the latest guidelines. We performed electronic research of selected databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, AAPD, from 2010-2020 in order to identify the most frequent antibiotics used in paediatric dentistry. The antibiotic resistance of bacteria, as well as the side effects that follow the prescription of antibiotics are reported to be in a continuous growth as a result of inadequate use. Prescription of medication, especially antibiotics in paediatric dentistry, must analyze both short and long-term side-effects.
Highlights
Antimicrobial substancesMost of the dental procedures within pediatric dentistry do not represent a risk of bacteremia among clinically healthy patients
The medication in dentistry is mostly prescribed to patients with the purpose of reducing pain and treating bacterial, fungal, viral infections [1,2]
According to a study conducted in UK on 568 patients, Cope et al reported that more than half of antibiotics (65.6%) were prescribed in situations where there is no sign of infection, and 70.6% were prescribed without considering an operative intervention
Summary
Most of the dental procedures within pediatric dentistry do not represent a risk of bacteremia among clinically healthy patients. Antimicrobial substances degrade or suppress the growth or the multiplication of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites). These substances present a selective toxicity – a lower concentration destroys the microorganisms without causing detriment to the host cells – this ability allows their safe usage [1]. Antibiotic prophylaxis is an aid for pedodontic treatments in those situations where there’s a risk of bacteremia. This prophylaxis implie the administration of antibiotics before the potentially infectious dental therapy begins [1]
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