Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from some drinking wells in Ondo town southwest Nigeria

O Aromolaran,O.A Amodu

doi:10.4314/jasem.v25i1.8

Abstract

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) strains have become a global health threat. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wells in Ondo town, Southwest Nigeria. Twenty-eight well water samples were analyzed for the presence of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa by standard pour plate technique. The bacterial isolates were tested against eight commonly use antibiotics using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The percentage occurrence of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa in the well water samples were 17.86% and 21.43%, respectively. Two multi-drug resistant strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated, which were resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics. Fifty percent of the P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to caftazidime, cefuroxime, nitrofurantoin, and ampicillin. None of the isolates was fully susceptible to cefuroxime, but have all showed resistance to β-lactam (ceftazidime, cefuroxime augmentin, and ampicillin) antibiotics. Cefuroxime may not be effective an effective drug in the treatment of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa implicated infections in these communities in Ondo. Also, the over-use of antibiotics should be discouraged in order to curtail the menace of antibiotic resistance Keywords: Well water, Antibiotics, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Highlights

Poor access to safe drinking water is a major challenge in many developing countries and this has resulted in waterborne related illnesses and even death in some cases, especially among infants (Novelo et al, 2018; WHO/UNICEF, 2010)
More attention has been given to antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli in well water, in recent studies, there has been an increase in the incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in drinking water sources in Nigeria (Ajayi and Agangan, 2011; Aboh et al, 2015; Laniyan et al, 2016; Bello et al, 2017; Onuoha, 2017)
The percentage occurrence of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa in the well samples was 17.86%, and 21.43%, respectively. This is consistent with the report of Bello et al (2017) who observed an occurrence of K. pneumoniae (9.52%) and P. aeruginosa (23.81) in sachets and bottled water brands sold in Ondo town

Summary

Introduction

Poor access to safe drinking water is a major challenge in many developing countries and this has resulted in waterborne related illnesses and even death in some cases, especially among infants (Novelo et al, 2018; WHO/UNICEF, 2010). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is very ubiquitous in the environment and can cause serious infections such as pneumonia, liver abscess, urinary tract infection, and wound infection (Aljanaby, 2008) It has been implicated in fatal cases of mastitis in humans and animals (Szita et al, 2007). Many studies have been carried out to determine the presence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of E. coli in wells in Nigeria, but there are only a few reports on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study was carried out, as a pilot study to determine the antibiotics susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wells in Ondo town, Southwest Nigeria

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Results