Abstract
Bacterial colonies can differ greatly in their morphologies. These differences can help us in identifying different species of bacteria. The clinical isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> are subjected to antibiotic susceptibility, to observe the susceptibility of the isolates against some conventional antibiotics. One hundred and ten (110) pathogenic <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strains were used in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out by disc agar diffusion test. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 25923 was used as a reference control organism. From this study, males were more infected than females, having 60 (61.8%) and 42 (38.2%) respectively. The age group with the highest number of isolates was (0-10) years while blood culture had the highest frequency of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates with a frequency of 42 (38.1%). The sensitivity pattern of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to the following antibiotics; clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, cloxacillin, cephalexin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline and amoxyclav were 85 (77.3%), 72 (65.5%), 66 (60%), 51 (46.4%), 46 (41.8%), 43 (39.1%), 43 (39.1%) and 33 (30%) respectively. This study showed that Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin and Erythromycin were the most active antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus. Thus it is believed that these antibiotics should be used in the treatment of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infections in this region. The study provided epidemiologic data and there is the need for consistent on-going antimicrobial resistance surveillance for important and commonly isolated clinically significant pathogens of staphylococcal species to form the basis for developing and implementing measures that can reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance and prevent a probable impending public health problem.
Highlights
Prior to the introduction of penicillin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections in the 1940s, the mortality rate of individuals with staphylococcal infections was about 80% [13]
The majority of the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains worldwide have become resistant to multiple antibiotics including betalactams; tetracyclines, macrolides and more recently fluoroquinolones [2]
This study was carried out in Medical Microbiology Laboratory of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and was restricted to the Staphylococcus aureus Isolates obtained from various clinical samples processed in the laboratory
Summary
Prior to the introduction of penicillin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections in the 1940s, the mortality rate of individuals with staphylococcal infections was about 80% [13]. Staphylococci have a record of developing resistance quickly and successfully to antibiotics. This defensive response is a consequence of the acquisition and transfer of antibiotic resistance plasmids and the possession of intrinsic resistance mechanisms [6]. The importance of Staphylococcus aureus as a persistent nosocomial and community acquired pathogen has become a global health concern. It has a remarkable capability of evolving different mechanisms of resistance to most antimicrobial agents [8]
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