Abstract
The antimicrobial agents in the 1930s (sulfonamides) and 1940s (penicillin) revolutionized human medicine by substantially reducing morbidity and mortality rates from bacterial diseases. Antimicrobial use in animals originated over 50 years ago when chlortetracycline fermentation waste was found to enhance animal growth and health. Since then, major changes have taken place in food animal production as well as in companion animal medicine. However, it was soon observed that bacteria could become resistant to antimicrobials, and resistant strains emerged shortly after the introduction of every new antimicrobial drug.
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