Abstract
BackgroundThe continuous spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, partially due to efflux pumps drastically reduced the efficacy of the antibiotic armory, increasing the frequency of therapeutic failure. The search for new compounds to potentiate the efficacy of commonly used antibiotics is therefore important. The present study was designed to evaluate the ability of the methanol extracts of four Cameroonian dietary plants (Capsicum frutescens L. var. facilulatum, Brassica oleacera L. var. italica, Brassica oleacera L. var. butyris and Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench.) to improve the activity of commonly used antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative bacteria expressing active efflux pumps.MethodsThe qualitative phytochemical screening of the plant extracts was performed using standard methods whilst the antibacterial activity was performed by broth micro-dilution method.ResultsAll the studied plant extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, triterpenes and sterols. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the studied extracts ranged from 256-1024 μg/mL. Capsicum frutescens var. facilulatum extract displayed the largest spectrum of activity (73%) against the tested bacterial strains whilst the lower MIC value (256 μg/mL) was recorded with Basilicum polystachyon against E. aerogenes ATCC 13048 and P. stuartii ATCC 29916. In the presence of PAβN, the spectrum of activity of Brassica oleacera var. italica extract against bacteria strains increased (75%). The extracts from Brassica oleacera var. butyris, Brassica oleacera var. italica, Capsicum frutescens var. facilulatum and Basilicum polystachyon showed synergistic effects (FIC ≤ 0.5) against the studied bacteria, with an average of 75.3% of the tested antibiotics.ConclusionThese results provide promising information for the potential use of the tested plants alone or in combination with some commonly used antibiotics in the fight against MDR Gram-negative bacteria.
Highlights
The continuous spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, partially due to efflux pumps drastically reduced the efficacy of the antibiotic armory, increasing the frequency of therapeutic failure
Antibacterial activity of the plant’s extracts Bacterial strains and MDR isolates were tested for their susceptibility to plant extracts and chloramphenicol
Capsicum frutescens extract displayed the largest spectrum of activity, 73% (16/22) against the tested bacteria; followed by Brassica oleacera var. italica, 50% (11/22); Basilicum polystachyon 41% (9/22) and Brassica oleacera var. butyris 27% (6/22) extracts
Summary
The continuous spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, partially due to efflux pumps drastically reduced the efficacy of the antibiotic armory, increasing the frequency of therapeutic failure. The search for new compounds to potentiate the efficacy of commonly used antibiotics is important. Butyris and Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench.) to improve the activity of commonly used antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria, partially due to the inappropriate use of common antibiotics, drastically reduced the efficacy of the antibiotic armory, increasing the frequency of therapeutic failure. In Gram-negative bacteria, many of these efflux pumps belong to the resistance-nodulation-cell oleacera L. var. (Lamiaceae) or ‘Musk Basil’ to potentiate the effect of common antibiotics against Gram-negative MDR phenotypes In Gram-negative bacteria, many of these efflux pumps belong to the resistance-nodulation-cell oleacera L. var. butyris (Brassicaceae) or ‘Cauliflower’; and Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench. (Lamiaceae) or ‘Musk Basil’ to potentiate the effect of common antibiotics against Gram-negative MDR phenotypes
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