Antibiotic growth promoters enhance animal production by targeting intestinal bile salt hydrolase and its producers

Jun Lin

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00033

Abstract

The growth-promoting effect of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) was correlated with the decreased activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH), an intestinal bacteria-produced enzyme that exerts negative impact on host fat digestion and utilization. Consistent with this finding, independent chicken studies have demonstrated that AGP usage significantly reduced population of Lactobacillus species, the major BSH-producers in the intestine. Recent finding also demonstrated that some AGPs, such as tetracycline and roxarsone, display direct inhibitory effect on BSH activity. Therefore, BSH is a promising microbiome target for developing novel alternatives to AGPs. Specifically, dietary supplementation of BSH inhibitor may promote host lipid metabolism and energy harvest, consequently enhancing feed efficiency and body weight gain in food animals.

Highlights

Jun Lin*Reviewed by: Noton Kumar Dutta, Johns Hopkins University, USA Dmitri Debabov, NovaBay Pharmaceuticals, USA
Epidemiological studies have linked usage of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (Wegener, 2003)
Recent studies on the relationship between AGP usage and gut microbiota strongly suggest that bile salt hydrolase (BSH) is an important target through which microbiome composition and function may impact host fat digestion and energy harvest

Summary

Jun Lin*

Reviewed by: Noton Kumar Dutta, Johns Hopkins University, USA Dmitri Debabov, NovaBay Pharmaceuticals, USA. The growth-promoting effect of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) was correlated with the decreased activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH), an intestinal bacteria-produced enzyme that exerts negative impact on host fat digestion and utilization. Consistent with this finding, independent chicken studies have demonstrated that AGP usage significantly reduced population of Lactobacillus species, the major BSH-producers in the intestine. Recent finding demonstrated that some AGPs, such as tetracycline and roxarsone, display direct inhibitory effect on BSH activity. BSH is a promising microbiome target for developing novel alternatives to AGPs. dietary supplementation of BSH inhibitor may promote host lipid metabolism and energy harvest, enhancing feed efficiency and body weight gain in food animals

INTRODUCTION

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS