Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the impact of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic dispensation in three Brazilian hospitals. Methods: Stock movement was accessed frompharmacy databases and microbiological reports from 2018 to 2021. Results: Reduced antibiotic dispensation occurred during 2020 in all hospitals. The most significant reduction was in April at Hospital Doutor Jayme dos Santos Neves (∼58%), andin May at Hospital Doutor Roberto Arnizaut Silvares (∼66%)and Hospital Doutor Dório Silva (∼29%). However, azithromycin dispensation increased in all hospitals in 2020. Macrolide-resistant bacterial isolates rose from 66.6% in 2019 to 77.1% in 2020 and 88.3% in 2021. Conclusion: Despitereduced antibiotic dispensation, the increase in azithromycin consumption in 2020 highlights the urgency to monitor macrolide resistance after the pandemic and improve stewardship activities.
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