Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea in Hospitalized Adult Patien

Marcellus Simadibrata,Ina Sutanto Timan,Lie Khie Chen,Diana Aulia

doi:10.24871/19120187-9

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) occurs from the first initiation until 2 months of the end of antibiotic treatment. The aims of this study were to know the incidence of AAD, Clostridium difficile infectionand other gastrointestinal symptoms in hospitalized adult patients.Method: The study is a cross sectional study. We studied the antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD), Clostridiumdifficile infection and other gastrointestinal symptoms in patients who were admited in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Inclusion were male or female, age 18-75 years old, patients started receiving antibiotics maximal 2x 24 hours prior to hospitalization, gave written informed consent.Results: The incidence of AAD was 11.5%. The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection was 15.4%. The upper gastrointestinal symptom was present on 20 (38.5%) patients. Lower abdominal symptom was present on 10 (19.2%) patients.Conclusion: The Incidence of AAD and Clostridium difficile infection were 11.5% and 15.4% respectively.The clinical manifestations of AAD were diarrhea, other upper and lower abdominal symptoms.

Highlights

Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) occurs from the first initiation until 2 months of the end of antibiotic treatment.[1,2] The prevalence of AAD is estimated 10 to 15% of all hospitalized patients treated with antibiotics.[3]
Clostridium difficile (CD) toxins can be found in the stool of 15-25% patients with AAD and more than 95% of patients manifested as pseudomembranous colitis.[4,5]
The clinical manifestation of antibiotic associated diarrhea or CD associated diarrhea may vary from mild diarrhea to fulminant colitis.[6]

Summary

Introduction

Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) occurs from the first initiation until 2 months of the end of antibiotic treatment.[1,2] The prevalence of AAD is estimated 10 to 15% of all hospitalized patients treated with antibiotics.[3] Almost any antibiotic can cause an imbalance of bacteria in the body, and cause gastrointestinal symptoms with or without diarrhea. Risk factors of Clostridium difficile infection are age above 65 years old, hospitalization, antibiotics treatment, severe underlying illness, nasogastric intubation, antiulcer medications, receive multiple antimicrobial agents and undergo a longer course of therapy.[6] The clinical manifestation of antibiotic associated diarrhea or CD associated diarrhea may vary from mild diarrhea to fulminant colitis.[6]. The aims of this study were to know the incidence of AAD, Clostridium difficile infection and other gastrointestinal symptoms in hospitalized adult patients

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion