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Abstract
The brown planthopper(BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is the most destructive insect pest in rice production worldwide. The development and cultivation of BPH-resistant varieties is the most economical and efficient strategy to overcome the destruction caused by BPH. The modified bulk seedling test method was used to identify the BPH resistance level and host feeding choice of rice lines of Liangyou8676(Bph14/Bph15), Bph68S(Bph14/Bph15), RHT(Bph3), Fuhui676, and TN1 on BPH. In the meantime, the population, survival and emergence rate, developmental duration, honeydew excretion, female ratio and brachypterous ratio of adults were used as indicators to detect the antibiosis effects of the different rice lines. The results showed that the resistance levels of RHT, Bph68S, Liangyou8676, Fuhui676, and TN1 to BPH were HR, R, MR, S and HS, respectively. The host choice implied that BPH was more inclined to feeding on rice plants with a lower resistance. An analysis of the antibiosis activity of rice lines RHT, BPh68S, and Liangyou8676 carrying resistance genes indicated a significant reduction in the population growth rate, survival and emergence rate of BPH nymphs, significant delay in the developmental duration of nymphs, reduced honeydew excretion of females, decreased female ratio, and a decreased brachypterous ratio of females and males, when compared with rice carrying no BPH-resistant genes.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food crop for more than three billion people worldwide.The brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive insect pest of rice [1,2,3,4]
This indicated that the resistance of RHT(Bph3) to BPH was higher than that of Bph68S(Bph14/Bph15), whose resistance level was, in turn, higher than that of Liangyou8676(Bph14/Bph15), Fuhui676, and TN1(no Agriculture
The number of BPHs that settled on rice seedlings carrying resistance genes (Bph3, Bph14, and Bph15) was significantly less than that settled on seedlings carrying no resistance genes (Figure 2)
Summary
The brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive insect pest of rice [1,2,3,4]. BPH extracts the phloem sap of rice plants using its piercing and sucking mouthparts. Light BPH infestation affects the growth of rice plants; whereas heavy infestation results in “hopper burns.” [1]. BPH infestations have intensified across Asia, causing heavy yield losses in rice production [4,5,6]. Controlling BPH is a challenging food safety issue. Farmers solely depended on chemical pesticides for controlling BPH [7,8]. The overuse of pesticides has resulted in a series of negative effects such as resistance of pests to synthetic chemicals, pests resurgence, and environmental contamination [9,10,11]
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