Antibiogram Susceptibility Patterns of Staphylococcus Aureus Harboring of MecA Gene and Prevalence Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes (AMEs) Genes in Iraq

Abstract

Resistance to antibiotics, particularly aminoglycosides, has increased recently among Staphylococcus aureus strains, especially those resistant to methicillin and carrying the mecA gene. As a result, the purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of susceptibility patterns of aminoglycosides and predominance of genes regulated by aminoglycosides such as aac(6’)/aph(2”), aph(3”)-Ilia, and ant (4’)-Ia in MRSA isolates. In totality, there are 80 Staphylococcus aureus strains have been collected from a variety of clinical and environmental specimens and identified using standard culture and recognition requirements. MRSA strains were detected using cefoxitin disk diffusion and fermentation of mannitol salt agar methods, followed by molecular detection of the presence of the mec A gene. The agar disk diffusion technique was used to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA strains to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Multiplex PCR was used to test S. aureus for the existence of aminoglycoside-encoding genes, aac (6’)/aph(2”), aph(3”)-IIIa, and ant (4’)-Ia. From the total number of S. aureus isolates examined, 72 (90 %) were identified as MRSA, including every isolates contained the mec A gene. Susceptibility profile for MRSA isolates to aminoglycosides was as follows: gintamicin 12(16.6 %), amekacin 30(41.8 %), tobramycin 13(18.1 %), and netilmicin3 (4.1 %). The distribution of aac (6’)/aph(2”), aph(3”)-IIIa, and ant (4’)-Ia genes in MRSA isolates was 36.8 %, 0 %, and 0 %, respectively. Finally, because MRSA strains are a major problem in people’s diseases, This research’s findings might be valuable medical source providers in selecting appropriate medicines for the drug therapy of MRSA infections.