Abstract
Pseudoalteromonas bacteria are known as potential bioactive metabolite producers. Because of the need to obtain natural molecules inhibiting the bacterial biofilms, we investigated the biofilm inhibitory activity of the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. IIIA004 against the pioneer surface colonizer Roseovarius sp. VA014. The anti-biofilm activity from the culture supernatant of Pseudoalteromonas sp. IIIA004 (SNIIIA004) was characterized in microtiter plates (static conditions/polystyrene surface) and in flow cell chambers (dynamic conditions/glass surface). The Pseudoalteromonas exoproducts exhibited an inhibition of Roseovarius sp. VA014 biofilm formation as well as a strong biofilm dispersion, without affecting the bacterial growth. Microbial adhesion to solvent assays showed that SNIIIA004 did not change the broad hydrophilic and acid character of the Roseovarius strain surface. Bioassay-guided purification using solid-phase extraction and C18 reverse-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was performed from SNIIIA004 to isolate the proteinaceous active compound against the biofilm formation. This new anti-biofilm low weight molecule (< 3kDa), named P004, presented a wide spectrum of action on various bacterial biofilms, with 71% of sensitive strains including marine bacteria and human pathogens. Pseudoalteromonas sp. IIIA004 is a promising source of natural anti-biofilm compounds that combine several activities.
Highlights
In the marine environment, submerged surfaces are the subject of active bacterial colonization
When we examined the effect of increasing SNIIIA004 concentrations on biofilm formation in 96-well microtiter plate wells, the Pseudoalteromonas sp
VA014 marine strain, identified among the pioneer and sustaining surface colonizers on metallic surfaces [9]. This anti-biofilm activity was characterized in microtiter plates and in flow cell chambers
Summary
In the marine environment, submerged surfaces are the subject of active bacterial colonization. The traditional approach to prevent biofilm formation consists in using biocides that have mostly been developed to target exponentially growing planktonic microorganisms, but these substances are poorly effective against biofilms [11]. Enzymes inhibiting biofilm formation and disrupting pre-existing biofilms were shown to directly target the components of biofilm matrix by degrading the EPS [14,15]. This important field of investigation requires the development of ecofriendly anti-biofilm molecules [12,13,16,17]. Various studies have demonstrated that marine microbes are promising potential sources of bioactive compounds, including antibiofilm molecules, that act by regulating biofilm architecture, by inhibiting the attachment of microorganisms and the settlement of invertebrate larvae and macro-algal spores or by mediating the release of cells from biofilms during the dispersal stage of the biofilm life cycle [15,18,19,20,21,22,23]
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