Anti-biofilm activity and time kill kinetic effects of Salacia oblanga wall leaf and root extracts against clinical multi-drug resistance bacteria

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Antibiotic resistance and biohazard nature of synthetic drugs is contemporary threatening issues in the health sector. The alternative research is focused on plants which attribute for various compounds that exhibit therapeutic properties. Therefore, the present aim of the work is to evaluate the anti-biofilm activity and time-kill kinetics of Salacia oblonga Wall. Materials and Methods: The extraction procedure was carried out in soxhlet apparatus using low polar to high polar solvents. Anti-biofilm activity and time kill kinetics was carried out to evaluate antibacterial effect of S. oblonga leaf and root extracts on selected bacterial strains. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of three replicates. The data from the experiments was subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) wherever applicable. Results: The effectiveness of ethyl acetate leaf and root extracts at (1 × MIC) on the attachment and inhibition of biofilm formation is found significant at 2.8mg/ml and 2.3mg/ml (50%) and 3.4mg/ml and 3.0mg/ml (90%) against luteus and 3.7mg/ml and 3.4mg/ml (50%) and 4.4mg/ml and 4.1mg/ml (90%) for M. tuberculosis respectively. Results of time killing kinetics indicated that leaf and root extracts were significant against M. luteus and M. tuberculosis killed 50 and 100% at 1 × MIC after 3 and 5 h respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results, we conclude that leaf and root extracts showed significant activity on biofilm formation and time kill assay. Keywords: Salacia oblonga; anti-biofilm; time kill kinetics; ethyl acetate extract.