Abstract
Infections related to dental implants are a common complication that can ultimately lead to implant failure, and thereby carries significant health and economic costs. In order to ward off these infections, this paper explores the immobilization of triethoxysilylpropyl succinic anhydride (TESPSA, TSP) silane onto dental implants, and the interaction of two distinct monospecies biofilms and an oral plaque with the coated titanium samples. To this end, titanium disks from prior machining were first activated by a NaOH treatment and further functionalized with TESPSA silane. A porous sodium titanate surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of TESPSA on the titanium samples (8.4% for Ti–N-TSP). Furthermore, a lactate dehydrogenase assay concluded that TESPSA did not have a negative effect on the viability of human fibroblasts. Importantly, the in vitro effect of modified surfaces against Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus salivarius and oral plaque were studied using a viable bacterial adhesion assay. A significant reduction was achieved in all cases but, as expected, with different effectiveness against simple mono-species biofilm (ratio dead/live of 0.4) and complete oral biofilm (ratio dead/live of 0.6). Nevertheless, this approach holds a great potential to provide dental implants with antimicrobial properties.
Highlights
The oral cavity is the main gateway to the human body and hosts the second largest microbiome after the gut, showing great diversity with more than 770 microbial species described [1,2]
Exhibited a sodium titanate microporous-structure while the samples treated with sodium hydroxide (Ti–N) exhibited a sodium titanate microporous‐
We present the characterization of a new silanization treatment of titanium-based dental implants
Summary
The oral cavity is the main gateway to the human body and hosts the second largest microbiome after the gut, showing great diversity with more than 770 microbial species described [1,2]. Upon disruption of the balance between host and the oral microbiota, pathogenic bacteria can cause periodontitis and tooth decay (caries) – the two main dental oral diseases that may lead to teeth loss [3]. Pathogenic biofilm formation on the surface of dental implants may result in peri-implantitis, a site specific and highly destructive inflammatory process in the peri-implant mucosa. This affects both the soft and hard tissue surrounding the dental implant [8], weakening the connection between the bone and the implant and leading to implant loss [9,10,11]
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