Antibacterial Peptide HHC-36 Sustained-Release Coating Promotes Antibacterial Property of Percutaneous Implant.

Qiang Miao,Ya-Fei Zheng,Feng Wang,Chu-Fan Ma,Jing Wang,Pei Wang,Fei Huang,Jin-Long Sun

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2021.735889

Abstract

Percutaneous implants are widely used in clinical practice. However, infection is the main clinical problem of percutaneous implants. Titanium dioxide nanotubes are suitable for forming coatings on complex surfaces such as implants. HHC-36, a cationic antimicrobial peptide, has been identified to have a strong broad-spectrum antibacterial effect. In the present study, we use poly D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) coating to build HHC-36 sustained-release system on the surface of titanium dioxide nanotubes. The titanium specimens were anodized coated with HHC-36-PDLLA/PLGA. The morphology and surface elemental distribution of the specimens were evaluated. Besides, results in the present study demonstrated that with antibacterial peptide HHC-36 sustained-release coating, titanium dioxide nanotubes maintain effective drug release for 15 days in vitro, and show significant antibacterial activity. The proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus can be effectively inhibited by PDLLA/PLGA-HHC-36 coated titanium dioxide nanotube. In addition, PDLLA-HHC-36 and PLGA-HHC-36 coating was demonstrated to be biocompatible and antibacterial in vivo. These findings demonstrated that HHC-36 coated titanium nanotube could improve antibacterial potential of percutaneous implants, and indicated a novel and efficient strategy in preventing bacterial infection of percutaneous implants.

Highlights

Percutaneous devices are widely used in clinical treatment in recent years, and applications include dental implants, external fixators, electrical connection of sensors, vascular access devices, auditory prostheses, and orthopedic prostheses, among others
Uncoated titanium nanotube substrates showed orderly arrangement of the nanotubes, and PDLLA/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) were coated on the specimen evenly and compactly
500 nm of PLGA-HHC-36 group could not be shown as spheroidal surface condition

Summary

Introduction

Percutaneous devices are widely used in clinical treatment in recent years, and applications include dental implants, external fixators, electrical connection of sensors, vascular access devices, auditory prostheses, and orthopedic prostheses, among others. It has been reported that bacterial infection, abscess formation, avulsion, and extrusion are among the most common complications in percutaneous devices (Tillander et al, 2010). For maxillofacial implants, percutaneous implants still have far higher infection rate and failure rate than oral implants, with reported infection rates ranging from 5 to 30% in bone-anchored prostheses (Tillander et al, 2010; Farrell et al, 2014a) to >50% for external fixators (Green 1983; Mahan et al, 1991). The reasons for the high infection rate include the skin exposure of the implants to the bacterial environment, and the skin accessories such as sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and sweat pores are conducive to the adhesion of bacteria

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Conclusion