Antibacterial Irrigation Solution Cocoa Bean Cuticle Extract (Theobroma cacao L) Against Streptococcus viridans

Abstract

Background: Pulp necrosis is the demise of the pulp due to persistent infection in the pulp area, such as Streptococcus viridans. Irrigation steps during biomechanical preparation and sterilization play a very important role. The irrigation material often used is 2.5% NaOCl because it has a broad antibacterial spectrum but is irritating and has an unpleasant aroma. The cuticle of cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) might be an alternative root canal irrigation material. The Objective: To determine the antibacterial properties of irrigation solution of cocoa bean cuticle extract against Streptococcus viridans. Materials and Methods: This study was laboratory experimental with a post-test-only control group design by calculating the number of bacterial colonies. Consisting of eight research groups, namely cocoa bean cuticle extract with concentrations of 25% (P1), 12.5% (P2), 6.25% (P3), 3.12% (P4), 1.56% (P6), 0.78% (P6), NaOCl 2.5% (K+), and sterile distilled water. 0.5 ml of each group was taken and then mixed with 0.5 suspension of Streptococcus viridans, diluted 10-4. Next, the extract and bacterial suspension mixture 10-4 were incubated for 24 hours, then 0.1 ml was inoculated on BHIA media and incubated. After that, the colony counter manually counted the number of colonies. Results: The result showed a significance of p<0.5, followed by the Mann-Whitney test, which showed significant differences except in group P1 (25%) with K+ (NaOCl 2.5%). Conclusion: Cocoa bean cuticle extract irrigation solutions with concentrations of 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.12%, 1.56% and 0.78% presented antibacterial power against Streptococcus viridans. Keywords: Streptococcus viridans, Antibacterial, Cocoa bean epidermis extract, Irrigation solution.