Antibacterial functionalization of cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics applying hybrid coating of copper/chitosan nanocomposites loaded polymer blends via gamma irradiation

Abstract

In the present work, copper/chitosan nanocomposites (Cu/CS) were prepared in an aqueous solution in the presence of CS as stabilizer and CuSO4·5H2O precursor. The Cu/CS NPs formation was proved through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and XRD diffraction. Cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics were gamma-radiation grafted by padding to pickup of 100%, in nanocomposites based on Cu/CS NPs loaded in polymer blends of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and plasticized starch (PLST). The grafted fabrics were characterized in terms of tensile mechanical, crease recovery and water absorption properties. The results showed that cotton fabrics displayed higher water absorption (%) than cotton/polyester fabrics for all PVA/PLST compositions and water absorption was found to decrease with increasing the ratio of PVA in the PVA/PLST blends. Cotton/polyester fabrics displays crease recovery angle (CRA) value of 147.6 upon treated with PVA/PLST (80/20%) and gamma irradiated to 30 kGy compared to CRA value of 125.0 for cotton fabrics treated under the same conditions. For cotton fabrics, the tensile strength was largely depends on the irradiation dose, in which the tensile strength of the treated fabric with the different formulations is higher than the untreated fabric. The antimicrobial activity of the fabrics against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aurous) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) was investigated. In case of gram-positive bacteria cotton fabric showed the highest impact, for both 50/50 and 20/80 PVA/PLST of 14 and 14.5 mm inhibition zone, whilst, cotton/polyester fabric recorded 6 and 5 mm inhibition zone against gram-negative bacteria for 50/50 and 20/80 PVA/PLST, respectively.