Abstract
Objective: The findings of a multitude of both animal and human studies could substantiate an additive role of both local and general anesthetic agents in inhibiting bacterial growth. The present study attempted to assess antimicrobial effects of local analgesics and general anesthetics including lidocaine, bupivacaine, pethidine, midazolam, and sufentanyl citrate. Methods: A bacterial suspension with opacity equal to the half Mac Farland containing of studied nine bacterial species [Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC49619, group A Streptococcus (clinical), Bacillus cereus ATCC11778, Acinetobacter baumannii (clinical), and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212] was prepared. The bacterial growth was assessed via culturing each solution (containing bacterial suspension and anesthetic drug) on culture media. Antibacterial characteristics of anesthetics were evaluated at various time points of culturing the bacterial solution (exposure to anesthetics) and countering the bacterial colonies and compared with the controls. Results: We observed high efficacy of Sufentanil Citrate (50 μg/ml) on reducing colony count of Staph. aureus and also Strep. pneumoniae with high response rate within 24 h of exposure to antibiotic. Also, midazolam (1 mg/ml) could effectively reduce colony count of Staph. aureus and Strep. pneumoniae. Moreover, by exposing pethidine with the dose of 50 mg/ml, the count of P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis was successfully reduced in media. Bacterial viability in various time points after exposure to lidocaine 1% and also bupivacaine 0.5% showed inhibited growth of all bacterial species viable cells with high response rate. Conclusion: Sufentanil Citrate, midazolam, and pethidine exerted efficient inhibitory effect on Staph. aureus, Strep. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis. Lidocaine and bupivacaine had a strong inhibitory effect on growth of nine standard bacterial species in our survey.
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