Abstract
This study investigates the antibacterial effects of erbium chromium laser at 2780 nm, silver nanoparticles, and erbium chromium along with silver nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis in comparison with sodium hypochlorite. In the present study, 90 extracted human single-rooted teeth were selected and standardized to a length of 15 mm. The canals were prepared by V-taper Gold rotary files and then incubated with E. faecalis for 21 days. The samples were divided into four experimental groups including hypochlorite sodium, silver nanoparticle, erbium chromium laser, and erbium chromium laser along with silver nanoparticle groups. Results showed that there was a significant reduction in colony count for all groups after interventions. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in the colony count for sodium hypochlorite group in comparison with another groups, and this group showed the highest reduction of colony count. There was a significant difference between silver nanoparticles and erbium chromium laser groups in colony count. According to the results, the silver nanoparticles offered strong antibacterial effects on E. faecalis and therefore can decrease bacterial colonies, while the use of the laser, despite the reduction of the bacterial colony, could not be sufficiently used for disinfection of root canal system.
Highlights
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a resistant bacterium that is able to live under various nutritional conditions. is bacterium has a high resistance to cleaning agents of root canal [1]. e main purpose of root canal treatment is to disinfect root canals and the three-dimensional structure of dentinal tubules [2,3,4]
In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles along with erbium chromium laser at 2780 nm on E. faecalis existing in root canal
Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the performance of different interventions with respect to the reduction percentage of bacterial colonies based on the mean values of the reduction of colony count (RCC). e results of this test showed that there was a significant difference between the reductions of bacterial colonies between different groups (p 0.03)
Summary
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a resistant bacterium that is able to live under various nutritional conditions. is bacterium has a high resistance to cleaning agents of root canal [1]. e main purpose of root canal treatment is to disinfect root canals and the three-dimensional structure of dentinal tubules [2,3,4]. Laser beams can penetrate deeply into the dentinal tubules without being absorbed by the hard tooth tissue, leading to a reduction in the bacterial population by 63% at a depth of 750 μm [5, 6]. E laser can remove hard calcified tissue by emitting infrared beams at a wavelength of 2780 nm in combination with water spray. Sodium hypochlorite is the most important material used in teeth root canal cleaning. It has many advantages, such as broad bactericidal spectrum and high ability for removing organic debris, but its antibacterial activity can be inactivated by the dentin or biological masses existing in the root canal, it needs to be frequently replaced and renewed. Root canal cleaning with sodium hypochlorite reduces the bond strength between dentin and resin [9, 10]
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