Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to analyse the antibacterial effectiveness of the leaf extract of Prosopis juliflora against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and the objectives include maintaining the culture of Clostridium perfringens ATCC 3624, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922 and to obtain an extract from the leaves of Prosopis juliflora by water extraction method. Agar cup diffusion testing is carried out to test the effectiveness of the extracted herb against the isolated strains of the above-mentioned bacteria.
 Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 mo in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory at SMCH. Extract from the leaves of Prosopis juliflora was collected by a water extraction method. Isolation of Clostridium perfringens (from RCMB), Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were done, following which the agar cup diffusion method was performed in which the collected extracts were placed as discs in the agar plate which had been inoculated with the strains of the isolated bacteria. The agar plate was then incubated anaerobically. Agar cup diffusion method is considered as a primary method to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of the bacteria.
 Results: The leaf extract of Prosopis juliflora was found to be effective against both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial strains.
 Conclusion: Based on the work, the effectiveness of Prosopis juliflora was determined and the mechanism of susceptibility was identified. With future research works in the field, many such natural herbal extracts can be proven to be effective against many pathogenic microorganisms.
Highlights
Prosopis juliflora is a shrub or small tree which belongs to the family Fabaceae [1]
As stated in the study conducted by Prabhas, juliprosinene and juliflorinine isolated from P. juliflora exhibit antibacterial effects on bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Shigella sonnei [19]
In a study conducted by Singh et al, it was found that the antibacterial substances may protect Prosopis juliflora against microorganisms [20]
Summary
Prosopis juliflora is a shrub or small tree which belongs to the family Fabaceae [1]. The results of various studies showed that this plant holds many benefits for the habitual treatment of various maladies and has a wide range of applications as indigenous medicine for several years. This herb is well known in the folkloric system of medicine because of its ethnobotanical importance [2]. The plant has been reported to treat oral ailments like a toothache The leaves of this plant are used in the treatment of asthma, conjunctivitis, bronchitis and in skin, blood and venereal diseases and are found to be useful as an insecticide. The high-potential activity of these extracts compared to selective antibiotics lead to evaluate the new antimicrobial agents to fight against the drug-resistant pathogens
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