Abstract
Due to the massive outbreaks of pathogen-caused diseases and the increase of drug-resistant pathogens, there is a particular interest in the development of novel disinfection agents with broad-spectrum antipathogenic activity. In the present study, water-soluble pyridinium-type polyvinylpyrrolidones with different counter anions were prepared. Structural characterization was conducted via 13C–1H heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy, static light scattering, UV spectrometry and apparent charge density. The influence of counter anion and polymer compositions on the antibacterial activity was studied against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied for tracking the morphological alterations in bacterial cells induced by prepared polycations. It was found that the exposure of bacteria to the polycations resulted in the destruction of cell membranes and the leakage of cytoplasm. The antiviral activity of pyridinium-type polycations against enveloped influenza virus was evaluated via a plaque assay. The action mode against enveloped virus was depicted to rationalize the antiviral mechanism.
Highlights
With environmental pollution becoming serious, various disease outbreaks caused by some pathogens are threatening human life
Water-soluble pyridinium-type copolymers that possess both antibacterial and antiviral activities were synthesized and characterized. Their bactericidal and virucidal properties were studied by determining the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) against S. aureus and E. coli and virus killing efficiency against influenza virus, respectively
To reveal the antibacterial mechanism of quaternary pyridinium-type copolymer, Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied to observe the morphological alteration of E. coli treated by poly(BVPC-co-N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP))
Summary
With environmental pollution becoming serious, various disease outbreaks caused by some pathogens are threatening human life. Most of the antimicrobial polymers only target on killing or inactivating bacteria Their inhibition effects on virus, another kind of pathogen widely existing in nature, usually remain minimal. Haldar et al [9] studied the antibacterial and antiviral activities of N,N-dodecyl methylpolyethylenimines (PEIs) by coating glass slides with branched and liner PEIs and contacting influenza virus, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) They found that certain hydrophobic polycations can deactivate Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and enveloped viruses. Water-soluble pyridinium-type copolymers that possess both antibacterial and antiviral activities were synthesized and characterized Their bactericidal and virucidal properties were studied by determining the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) against S. aureus and E. coli and virus killing efficiency against influenza virus, respectively. The relationships between the composition, counter anion type and their antipathogenic activities were elucidated
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