Abstract
With a broad ethnopharmacological tradition in Brazil, Montrichardia linifera has been reported as a potent antirheumatic, antimicrobial, and antiprotozoan agent. However, there is a lack of studies on its effect on bacterial biofilm formation and Schistosoma mansoni worms. This study reports the effects of antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antischistosomal properties of leaf extracts of M. linifera. Phytochemical screening and identification of the main compounds of the extracts were performed. All the extracts evaluated showed antibacterial activity at the concentrations tested. We checked for the presence of flavonoids and derivatives of phenolic acids by the presence of spectra with bands characteristic of these classes in the sample analyzed. The antibacterial assays showed that the best MICs corresponded to 125 µg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 in all fractions. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed the ability to inhibit biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25123. For the antischistosomal activity, only the acetone and ethyl acetate extracts had a significant effect against helminths, with potent activity at a concentration of 50 µg/mL, killing 100% of the worms after 72 h of incubation. The M. linifera leaf extracts showed antibacterial activity, biofilm inhibition capacity, and anthelmintic activity against S. mansoni.
Highlights
Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott, popularly known as “Aninga”, belongs to the family Araceae
With the aid of the Photo Diode Array (PDA) detector coupled to the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system, it was detected that the extract of M. linifera presented great complexity and diversity in the matrix, as evaluated by the large number of peaks eluted along the chromatographic run
With the aid of HPLC-PDA, the chromatographic data were processed and the chromatograms obtained at selective wavelengths for a determined secondary metabolite class
Summary
Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott, popularly known as “Aninga”, belongs to the family Araceae. In Brazil, M. linifera is traditionally used in ethnopharmacology [3], wound healing, and as an antirheumatic, antidiuretic, and expectorant [4,5]. Its overuse is considered toxic in humans, due to its ability to cause burns, skin eruptions, and spots, and, in case of eye contact, blindness [5,6]. Due to its ethnopharmacological relevance and wide use in popular medicine, M. linifera has been the object of research aiming to investigate its biological activities. Several kinds of bioactivities have already been scientifically verified by standardized and validated assays, as in the case of the antiplasmodic and antibacterial activity, and low toxicity against
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