Abstract
This study aimed to add two functional components—antibacterial 45S5BGs particles and AIE nanoparticles (TPE-NIM+) with bioprobe characteristics—to the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane, to optimize the performance. The PLGA/BG/TPE-NIM+ membrane was synthesized. The static water contact angle, morphologies, and surface element analysis of the membrane were then characterized. In vitro biocompatibility was tested with MC3T3-E1 cells using CCK-8 assay, and antibacterial property was evaluated with Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis by the LIVE/DEAD bacterial staining and dilution plating procedure. The fluorescence staining of bacteria was observed by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope. The results showed that the average water contact angle was 46°. In the cytotoxicity test, except for the positive control group, there was no significant difference among the groups (p > 0.05). The antibacterial effect in the PLGA/BG/TPE-NIM+ group was significantly (p < 0.01), while the sterilization rate was 99.99%, better than that in the PLGA/BG group (98.62%) (p < 0.01). Confocal images showed that the membrane efficiently distinguished G+ bacteria from G− bacteria. This study demonstrated that the PLGA/BG/TPE-NIM+ membrane showed good biocompatibility, efficient sterilization performance, and surface mineralization ability and could be used to detect pathogens in a simple, fast, and wash-free protocol.
Highlights
IntroductionPeri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, which is characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and progressive loss of the supporting bone [2]
Introduction published maps and institutional affilPeriodontitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the periodontal tissues, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum, and other dental supporting tissues [1].Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, which is characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and progressive loss of the supporting bone [2]
TPE-NIM+, as a derivative of TPE-NIM, was synthesized via a similar approach with a further modification step; the synthetic procedures of TPE-NIM+ have been reported in our previous studies [25,26]
Summary
Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, which is characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and progressive loss of the supporting bone [2]. If the periodontal defects are left empty after the debridement, epithelial cells and fibroblasts first fill the defect area and form fibro-epithelial tissues, preventing further regeneration of the periodontal tissue. In this regard, the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) technology should be used clinically to prevent epithelial cells, fibers, and gingival connective tissue through a physical barrier. Creating an isolated space for the introduction of blood vessels iations
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