Abstract
Objectives In this study, a new type of dental implant by covering the surface of the titanium (Ti) implant with zinc-magnesium (Zn-Mg) alloy was designed, to study the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Mg alloy on titanium (Ti) implants in oral implant restoration. Methods Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), S. sanguinis, and F. nucleatum bacteria were used to detect the bioactivity and antibacterial properties of Mg alloy-coated Ti implants. In addition, B6/J mice implanted with different materials were used to further detect their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Results The results showed that Mg alloy could better promote the adhesion and proliferation and improve the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of HGFs, which contributed to better improved stability of implant osseointegration. In addition, Mg alloy could better inhibit the proliferation of S. sanguinis, while no significant difference was found in the proliferation of F. nucleatum between the two implants. In the mouse model, the peripheral inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress of the Mg alloy implant were significantly lower than those of the Ti alloy implant. Conclusions Zn-Mg alloy-coated Ti implants could better inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria in the oral cavity, inhibit oxidative stress, and facilitate the proliferation activity of HGFs and the potential of osteoblast differentiation, thus, better increasing the stability of implant osseointegration.
Highlights
In the daily diagnosis and treatment of stomatology, implants will be used in the process of repairing dentition defects to provide a solid base for the restoration of posterior crowns [1, 2]
The experimental results showed that the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level of Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in Mg alloy-Ti group was higher, suggesting that Mg alloy could better induce the osteogenic ability of HGFs, increasing the stability of implant osseointegration (Figure 2(e))
We investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Zn-Mg alloy-coated Ti implants
Summary
In the daily diagnosis and treatment of stomatology, implants will be used in the process of repairing dentition defects to provide a solid base for the restoration of posterior crowns [1, 2]. There is a probability of implantation failure, such as poor bone healing around the implant and inflammatory hyperplasia [3, 4], which will increase the risk of dental implant failure, cause adverse physical and mental effects to patients, and increase the medical burden. Due to the lack of antibacterial activity on the surface of pure Ti implants, implant placement creates a favorable environment for the growth and invasion of various positive and negative bacteria in the oral cavity, increasing the risk of infection. Because of the lack of biological activity of pure Ti implant, their contact with alveolar bone can lead to slow healing with the surrounding bone and the acceleration of marginal bone loss, resulting in implant loosening [6]. Modifying the surface of Ti implants to improve their antibacterial activity and promote the attachment of bone cells is of great significance to improve the implant success rate [7]
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