Abstract

Introduction: Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is hence usable in the treatment of acne. It also contains anthocyanin, a well-known antioxidant. This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) extract as a potential raw material for use in beauty care products. Method: Fruit extract was obtained using maceration method with 96% ethanol. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by disc diffusion method, while the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution method. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extract was tested by DPPH method. Result: The results showed a 2.5% MIC against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, confirming the antibacterial activity of black mulberry extract. The MBC values for the respective bacterium were 2.5% and 5%. Regarding antioxidant activity, the IC50 value of black mulberry extract was 146.731 mg/mL, suggesting its medium potential. Conclusion: Morus nigra extract has antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, and has medium potential as antioxidant.

Highlights

  • Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is usable in the treatment of acne.It contains anthocyanin, a well-known antioxidant

  • The materials used in this study consisted of Black Mulberry fruit obtained from Plantations in Cibodas, Maribaya-Lembang, 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (Sigma Aldrich), glycerin (Brataco Chemical), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (Brataco Chemical), Mueller Hinton Agar (Merck), Mueller Hinton Broth (Merck), saline (Otsu-NS), ethanol 96% (CV Sarana Abdi Bakti), Dimethyl Sufoxide (DMSO) (Merck), P. acnes and S. epidermidis bacteria from the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Padjadjaran

  • Based on the records available at the Department of Biological Science of Universitas Padjadjaran, the plants used in the research were identified as Morus nigra L

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Summary

Introduction

Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is usable in the treatment of acne. This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) extract as a potential raw material for use in beauty care products. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by disc diffusion method, while the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution method. Result: The results showed a 2.5% MIC against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, confirming the antibacterial activity of black mulberry extract. Acne is an inflammatory disease of the skin that often occurs in adolescence.[5,6] One of the factors that cause acne on face is due to the activity of bacteria. Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, the two normal skin flora, are often isolated from lesions of acne[7]

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