Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of lime (<em>Citrus aurantifolia</em>) peel extract in Balb/c mice infected by <em>Salmonella typhi</em>

Abstract

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is a traditional plant that is widely used as antibacterial. This study proves the effect of Lime Peel Extract (LPE) on the colonization and growth, mediated by the activity of IL-6, of bacteria Salmonella typhi in Balb/c mice. Mice were divided into four groups; LPE 510 mg/kg body weight (bw), LPE 750 mg/kgbw, and positive and negative control. The examination was carried out 3 times, on the 5th day before the intervention, on the 10th day after the intervention and on the 30th day after maintenance. Intervention of LPE for 5 days can decrease the number of S. typhi colonies, even maintenance for 20 days after the intervention showed no bacterial growth. IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokine activity increased on examination day 5 after S. typhi injection and decreased after intervention on day 10, it was significantly different between pre and post at all groups except for negative controls (p=0.15). The speed of decrease in IL-6 levels was the greatest at the LPE 750 mg/kgbw (velocity=-5.64%). LPE decreased serum levels of IL-6 and inhibited the growth of S. typhi colony in Balb/c mice. LPE has potential for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory.