Antibacterial activity of secondary metabolites isolated from Ficus aurata (Miq.) fruits

Abstract

This research aimed to isolate chemical constituents from ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of Ficus aurata (Miq.) fruits and investigated their antibacterial activities. Chemical constituents were separated by using vacuum column chromatography, gravity column chromatography, and thin layer chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) and β-sitosterol (2) were elucidated using various spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, and NMR (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and DEPT). While, antibacterial activity was done by assay using Resazurin Microtiter Assay method. These 2 compounds reported as new constituents from F. aurata fruit. In addition, analysis of the bioassay showed that compound 1 had a notable antibacterial activity against gram negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATTC 27853), and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureusATCC 23235) with the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of 0.1563 µg/mL, and it indicated the same MIC as cefadroxil (positive control). Compound 2 has weak antibacterial activity compared to cefadroxil (positive control). The results found that Ficus aurata (Miq.) fruits metabolites have antibacterial activity and show potency as antibacterial agent. Different kinds of bacteria and assay could be needed to investigate and support its antibacterial activity in the future.