Abstract
Polyphenols are plant-derived natural products with well-documented health benefits to human beings, such as antibacterial activities. However, the antibacterial activities of polyphenols under hyperglycemic conditions have been rarely studied, which could be relevant to their antibacterial efficacy in disease conditions, such as in diabetic patients. Herein, the antibacterial activities of 38 polyphenols under mimicked hyperglycemic conditions were evaluated. The structure-antibacterial activity relationships of polyphenols were also tested and analyzed. The presence of glucose apparently promoted the growth of the bacterial strains tested in this study. The OD600 values of tested bacteria strains increased from 1.09-fold to 1.49-fold by adding 800 mg/dL glucose. The polyphenols showed structurally dependent antibacterial activities, which were significantly impaired under the hyperglycemic conditions. The results from this study indicated that high blood glucose might promote bacterial infection, and the hyperglycemic conditions resulting from diabetes were likely to suppress the antibacterial benefits of polyphenols.
Highlights
Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants, and are well known as natural antioxidants.Based on their chemical structures, polyphenols can be classified as flavonoids and non-flavonoids [1].Flavonoids possess C6 -C3 -C6 carbon structures consisting of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C)
We have demonstrated that glucose increased the growth rate of five common pathogenic bacteria to different degrees in vitro
The antibacterial performances of polyphenols were found to be significantly impaired in the hyperglycemic conditions simulated to the diabetic state
Summary
Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants, and are well known as natural antioxidants.Based on their chemical structures, polyphenols can be classified as flavonoids and non-flavonoids [1].Flavonoids possess C6 -C3 -C6 carbon structures consisting of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C). Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants, and are well known as natural antioxidants. Based on their chemical structures, polyphenols can be classified as flavonoids and non-flavonoids [1]. Flavonoids possess C6 -C3 -C6 carbon structures consisting of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C). According to the hydrogenation degree of the heterocyclic ring and the connection site of ring B, flavonoids can be further classified into several subclasses, such as flavones, flavonols, flavanones and isoflavonoids [2]. Polyphenols can be ingested by humans from the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and plant derived beverages. The consumption of diets rich in polyphenol have usually been associated with beneficial effects to human health [4]. Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary polyphenols could lower risk of cardiovascular disease, prevent obesity, cancer and type 2 diabetes, attenuate brain aging and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as maintain gut health [5,6]
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