Abstract
The antibacterial activity of N,O-acylated chitosan derivative with linoleic acid (CH_LA) was tested by disc and well diffusion, agar impregnation and microdilution methods against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori strains. Hydrophobically modified chitosan (HMC) was expected to exhibit enhanced antibacterial activity and specific mucin interactions. Although diffusion tests have not indicated the antibacterial potential of chitosan (CH) or CH_LA, the results of the microdilution method demonstrated that tested polymers significantly reduced the amount of living bacteria cells in different concentrations depending on the microorganism. Additionally, CH_LA was characterized by enhanced antibacterial activity compared to CH, which may suggest a different mechanism of interaction with S. aureus and H. pylori. Furthermore, the UV-VIS analysis revealed that the amphiphilic character of derivative led to strong CH_LA–mucin interactions. The study proved the high potential of CH_LA in antibacterial applications, especially for the gastrointestinal tract.
Highlights
Chitosan is a polysaccharide produced by deacetylation of chitin
Conducting the reaction between chitosan and linoleic acid in water adjusted to pH = 4.0 using hydrochloric acid conc. (HCl) with equimolar amount of ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino–propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) as a coupling agent, leads to
N,O-acylated chitosan derivative was tested in terms of mucoadhesiveness and antibacterial activity towards S. aureus, E. coli and H. pylori bacteria strains
Summary
Chitosan is a polysaccharide produced by deacetylation of chitin This reaction leads to the characteristic copolymer structure of this biopolymer that consists of D-glucosamine (GlcNH2 ) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNHAc) units. Some properties, such as ions chelation or action with free radicals, are the consequence of the presence of both amino and hydroxyl groups (from GlcNH2 and GlcNHAc), in the chitosan main chain. This double functionality allows chemical modification of chitosan, resulting in different solubility of chitosan derivatives, [1] with distinct abilities to interact with different biologically active molecules through hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding or Van der Waals forces
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