Antibacterial activity of blue high-power light-emitting diode-activated flavin mononucleotide against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on a sandblasted and etched surface.

Abstract

Because of high affinity to the titanium implant surface, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been reported as key microorganism that cause the peri-implantitis, even though it is not the typical periodontal pathogenic bacterial strain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial property of the aPDT device, using blue high-power LED light activated flavin mononucleotide, comparing to the previously proven aPDT method using methylene blue and red laser on S. aureus biofilm. Commercial pure titanium grade 4 modified surface with SLA were used to form S. aureus biofilm for 48 h. Two aPDT systems were used in this study; 1) HELBO®Blue Photosensitizer (Bredent medical), which is methylene blue (MB) activated by 670-nm red diode laser and 2) FotoSan® Blue agent Gel (CMS Dental), which contains flavin mononucleotide (FMN) activated by FotoSan® BLUE LAD (Light Activated Disinfection) light. The antibacterial tests were performed by total viable count, crystal violet assay, and direct observation methods. Using the light activated-PS, the log reduction in CFU/mL compared to non-treatment was 1.23 ± 0.19 log10 and 1.23 ± 0.12 log10 (about 93 % of reduction) for MB and FMN, respectively. The significant difference in the reduction could be determined when comparing with using only light (p < 0.01). Regarding two aPDT systems, the decrease in amount of bacteria after treatment was not significantly different (p > 0.05). The antibacterial activities of aPDT using blue high-power LED light activated flavin mononucleotide on S. aureus biofilm was comparable to those of previous research supporting aPDT using photoactivated MB.